我国第三产业发展与城镇化建设的实证研究

面对自2008年金融危机造成的就业压力,是我们当前要解决的核心问题。但要解决如此之众人数的就业问题,所能作出选择的余地实际上已经非常有限,其主要就落在了城镇化建设与第三产业的发展上。城镇化水平是衡量我国地区经济社会发展水平的重要标志,是构建科学合理的区域格局的重要推动力量。而加快农村城镇化、提高我国城镇化水平必须走发展非农产业即第三产业服务业的道路。文章运用1978～2008年的数据,通过协整分析与格兰杰因果检验方法,从实证角度研究了中国城镇化和第三产业发展之间的动态相关性以及因果关系。     

Short Term External Debt and Economic Growth—Granger Causality: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean

In this paper the direction of the causality relationship between economic growth and short-term external debt was investigated for 27 Latin American and Caribbean countries over the period 1970–2003. The empirical results suggest the existence of bidirectional causality relationships between the two variables for several countries, which means that the performance of both variables is interrelated. The main finding is that in the short- and long- runs Granger causality from economic growth to short-term external debt is present in 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries. With the evidence suggesting, in the majority of estimated cases, economic growth Granger caused short-term external debt, short-term policy decisions related to capacity absorption enhancement should be encouraged in Latin America and the Caribbean. Further work in this regard is encouraged in the form of panel studies or specific individual case studies inclusive of foreign trade linkage parameters to capture the potential effects of omitted variables.

基于Granger因果关系检验的居民储蓄影响因素分析

基于协整理论的因果关系研究,是现代计量经济学具有划时代意义的发展。本文通过因果关系来研究我国居民储蓄的影响因素,并对国内生产总值及利率对我国居民储蓄的影响因素进行了实证分析。     

金融发展与西部民族地区经济增长的实证研究——以宁夏为例

运用单位根检验、协整检验和格兰杰检验实证分析了宁夏金融发展与经济增长之间的关系。研究表明,宁夏经济增长与金融发展存在长期稳定的、互为因果的辩证统一关系。针对金融发展促进经济增长过程中出现的问题,提出了相应的政策建议。     

湖北省城市土地集约利用与社会经济因素的计量分析

在测度2001—2009年湖北省城市土地集约利用水平的基础上,选取经济发展、人口增长和城市化率为社会经济因素,采用计量经济模型分析城市土地集约利用与社会经济因素的相互作用。结果表明:城市集约利用水平与经济发展、人口增长和城市化均为一阶单整序列;经济发展、人口增长、城市化和城市土地集约利用之间存在单项因果关系;城市土地集约度与社会经济因素之间存在长期的稳定关系,短期波动向长期均衡趋近的调整幅度达到68.36%。因而,政府应采取长期和短期结合的策略,加大城市建设的投入,加强土地利用管理,提高城市土地集约利用水平,使经济和城市化有序发展。     

我国房地产价格与通货膨胀关系的实证分析

近年来,我国房地产等资产的价格高涨所引起的"资产泡沫型通货膨胀"现象比较明显。通过观察我国近年来房屋销售价格指数和居民消费价格指数的走势发现,房地产高涨与通货膨胀之间具有很大的联动作用。因此,研究房地产价格与通货膨胀的关系,寻找破解房地产价格高涨、缓解通货膨胀压力的方法,具有重要的学术研究价值和现实意义。本文利用Granger因果关系检验模型,验证了我国房地产价格与通货膨胀关系之间存在Granger因果关系,并围绕高房价是怎样影响通货膨胀的逻辑思路,提出破解高房价、缓解"资产泡沫型通货膨胀"压力的解决方法。     

Research on the mutual relations between ISP and ASP efficiency changes for the sustainable growth of the Internet industry

Innovations in Internet networks and applications are equally important. However, there is controversy in the literature regarding whether it is network or application innovation that leads to the development and innovation of Internet industries. In this study, the mutual relations of Internet service providers’ (ISP) and application service providers’ efficiency changes are analysed empirically using a Granger causality test. Over the entire period of 1998–2011, efficiency changes of web service companies positively Granger-cause those of ISPs and vice versa. In the case of VoIP and streaming services, however, efficiency changes of VoIP and streaming services Granger-cause those of ISPs during the former half period, whereas those of ISPs negatively Granger-cause efficiency changes of streaming services during the latter half. As services that require heavy data traffic and QoS guarantees are launched, a policy that promotes virtuous circulation between ISPs and application service providers (ASPs) is necessary for the development of all Internet-related industries.     

在岸-离岸人民币即期汇率动态联动关系研究——基于时变参数状态空间模型的分析

自香港离岸市场人民币汇率(CNH)形成以来,关于在岸人民币兑美元汇率(CNY)与香港离岸人民币兑美元汇率之间关系的研究,多数认为在岸人民币汇率对离岸汇率具有引导关系。随着内地与香港之间人民币流通渠道不断拓宽,两地之间汇率联动关系的动态变化是一个十分重要的问题。本文运用时变参数的状态空间模型研究CNY与CNH的动态联动关系:带断点的格兰杰因果关系检验结果显示,在样本初期阶段CNY对CNH有引导关系,随后两者之间相互引导,近期CNH对CNY具有引导关系;时变参数的状态空间模型显示,CNH对CNY的影响逐渐增强;考察在岸离岸利差对汇率影响的结果显示,在岸离岸利差增大会导致离岸汇率贬值和在岸汇率升值。本文的主要贡献在于研究方法规避了静态系数回归模型的缺点。     

基于面板单位根检验的失业率结构突变研究

面板数据由于包含截面和时期提供了更多的信息,可以更好地分离出其中的随机成分而提高单位根检验的精度,考虑面板中的结构突变则可以进一步提高结论的准确性.通过构造基于结构突变的面板单位根检验方法,选取经合组织中具有代表性的15个国家年度失业率数据进行的实证分析表明:失业率指标为平稳性变量,在考虑结构突变时面板数单位根检验水平有了显著的提高,这为研究经济变量的平稳性,特别在观测期较短的情况下,提供了一种有效的研究手段.     

Price Tests to Define Markets: An Application to Wholesale Gasoline in Canda

The concept of relevant markets is fundamental to antitrust analysis, particularly to those relating to mergers. However, defining relevant markets is sometimes difficult ot operationalize. This has triggered a substantial literature in which price tests have been used to define both economic and antitrust markets. This paper reviews some price tests and applies them in order to define relevant geographic markets in wholesale gasoline in Canada. We find that relevant geographic markets can be larger than cities but smaller than East and West Canada.JEL classification: L490, L810The views expressed here are solely thoseof the authors and are not purpoted to be those of the Commissioner of Competition, the Competition Bureau, or Finance Canada.